Includes basic items: Oral examination, ultrasonic scaling, and polishing.

基本项目包括口腔检查, 洗牙, 抛光.

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AIM : To observe the effect of hybrid subgingival scaling ( combining ultrasonic scaling with hand scaling ) by SEM.

目的: 超声 龈 下刮治结合手工刮治,用扫描电镜的方法观察效果.

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Objective To investigate the patients fear of ultrasonic scaling and provide data for its clinical practice.

目的了解患者对超声洁治术的畏惧情况,以便为临床操作提供指导依据.

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