Objective: Diabetic nephropathy ( DN ) is one of the common and serious diabetic complications.

目的: 糖尿病肾病 ( DN ) 是常见的糖尿病慢性微血管并发症,是导致慢性肾功能不全的常见原因之一.

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Diabetic ketoacidosis ( DKA ) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar status ( HSS ) are severe acute diabetic complications.

糖尿病酮症酸中毒 ( DKA ) 和高血糖高渗状态 ( HHS ) 是糖尿病严重的急性并发症.

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